Hi Phoenix, 首先说左边这道题 A: net profit margin for 2004-2006=net income/net sales 2004 net profit margin=2480/22900=10.83% 2005net profit margin=2470/25600=9.65% 2006net profit margin=2020/30500=6.62% B:Gross profit margin=(net sales-cost of products sold)/net sales 2004 gross profit margin= (22900-8350)/22900=63.54% 2005 gross profit margin=(25600-10300)/25600=59.77% 2006 gross profit margin=(30500-12600)/30500=58.69% C. Net profit margin and gross profit margin are both heading south. Profitability of the company is worsening. The explanation is although net sales is improving, it cannot overcome the increase in COGS in the same time. The marginal increase in gross profit is diminishing. 右边的题目： Vertical common-size is all about presenting the statements data in the form of ratios against some base (in the case of BS, it is usually the total asset, whereas for income statement, it is net sales). Try prepare one by yourself, it is fairly simple. Then draw a comparison between both years and gain some insight into what is happening.