纯粹风险和投机风险

　　Pure and speculative risks

　　Pure risks involve a loss or，at best，a break-even situation. The outcome can only be unfavourable to us，or leave us in the same position as we enjoyed before the event occurred. The risk of a motor accident，fire at a factory，theft of goods from a store，or injury at work are all pure risks with no element of gain.

　　The alternative to this is speculative risk，where there is the chance of gain. Investing money in share is a good example. The investment may result in a loss or possibly a break-even position， but the reason it was made was the prospect of gain.

　　纯粹风险和投机风险

　　纯粹风险包括损失或者充其量是收支相抵的情况。其后果只能对我们不利，或者让我们处于跟事件发生前一样的情况下。车祸、工厂的火灾、商场货物的偷窃、或者是工伤，这些风险都是不能获利的纯粹风险。

　　与之相对的是投机风险，这种风险是有可能获利的。股票投资就是一个很好的例子。这种投资可能有损失或者可能收支相抵，但是投资的目的是为了获利。