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美国CPA考试复习:营运资本及其组件

普通 来源:正保会计网校 2014-08-26

  美国注册会计师考试现为计算机考试,不论报名哪州的考试,均可在美国任何一州的指定计算机考试中心参加考试。美国注册会计师每年分为四个考试窗口,即每一季度为一个考试窗口,每一考试窗口的前两个月为考试月,第三个月为停考阅卷月。网校为了帮助广大学员备战2014年美国cpa考试,精心为大家分享美国cpa考试科目里的重要知识点,希望能够提升您的备考效果,祝您学习愉快

  Working Capital=current assets–current liabilities.Measure the company solvency ability.

  Current Assets–在一年或长于一年的一个营业周期内变现。

  Current Liabilities–预计要使用current asset清偿或预计将产生其他current liabilities的义务。

  Refinancing.Short-term obligation may be classified as non current asset.

  Requirement

  Intent to refinance a current liability on a long-term basis.

  Ability to do(Have done or Can do)

  考点:Can Do的体现

  不可撤消的融资安排

  贷款方有能力履约

  Cash and cash equivalents

  考点:原始票据期限在90天以上的均不可做为现金等价物。例,12月15购入次年1月10日到期的180天期国库券,可否在年底时做现金等价物核算?不可以

  Bank Reconciliations

  目标:True Balance

  方式:Simple reconciliation Vs. Reconciliation of cash receipts and disbursements

  考点:Nonsufficient Funds(NSF)。Subtract from book.

  Accounts Receivable

  Blank Accounts Analysis Format.

  借正贷负添符号,T型BASE解方程。

  Cash Discount.

  Gross method.If cash discount used,Debit contra revenue account.(Sales discounts taken)

  Net method.If no cash discount used,Credit other income.

  Trade Discount.

  Discounts of 40% and 10%.折上折

  Sales Return and Allowances

  GR:Wait actual.

  SR:Material % of return,establish allowance for sales return.

  Dr.Sales returns and allowances(contra sales)

  Cr.Accounts receivable

  Estimating Uncollectible Accounts Receivable

  REG:Direct Write-Off Method.发生是直接冲销

  GAAP:Allowance Method(I/S or B/S approach)

  Estimating Uncollectible Accounts Receivable

  Income Statement approach(% of sales method)

  Balance sheet approach(% of AR ending balance)

  Balance sheet approach(Aging of receivables method)

  Bad debt expense

  Catch up effect recorded in I/S

  Write-off a specific account receivable

  No effect on I/S

  Balance sheet approach(Aging of receivables method)

  Subsequent collection of AR written off

  先恢复AR与Allowance,再收回AR.

  Pledging(Assignment)-Disclosure

  Factoring of Accounts Receivable(保理)

  Without recourse.Derecognize AR,recognize G/L

  With recourse. GR:a loan with pledging,disclose.

  Transfers and servicing of financial assets

  Based on control transfer

  Control transfer has 3 criteria (F4-17)

  Servicing Assets and liabilities.(F4-18)

  Notes receivable

  NR are written promises to pay a debt.

  Discount NR with recourse should recognize a NR contra account.

  Discount NR without recourse should derecognize NR.

  Discount Cash=Final Value X Discount rate X unmatured days/ 365 days.

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  注:本文为正保会计网校原创,版权属正保会计网校所有,未经授权,不得转载。

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