美国注册会计师协会简介

　　美国注册会计师协会（AICPA）成立于1887年，成立时协会的名称是美国公共会计师协会（American Association of Public Accountants, AAPA）。1916年AAPA更名为美利坚会计师协会（Institute of Public Accountants），当时拥有1150名会员。1917年再次更名为美国会计师协会（American Institute of Accountants），并且，一直延用到1957年才改为美国注册会计师协会（American Institute of Certified Public Accountants）。1936年，AICPA与1921年成立的美国注册会计师公会（American Society of Certified Public Accountants）进行了合并。截止2005年底，AICPA拥有327，135名正式会员。在一个多世纪的历程中，它由小到大、由弱变强，成为当今世界上至富影响力的会计职业组织。

　　AICPA设有以下委员会：会计及检查服务委员会、会计准则执行委员会、同业互查委员会、审计准则委员会、考试委员会、管理后续教育委员会、信息技术执行委员会、咨询服务执行委员会、个人财务计划执行委员会、私营公司业务执行委员会、职业道德执行委员会、SEC业务部门执行委员会，以及税务执行委员会等。

　　AICPA拥有规则制订权、业务监管权和部分违规处罚权。AICPA对注册会计师和会计师事务所的管理通过以下几个方面进行：

　　1. 制定准则和规则。包括制定审计准则、编报和审阅准则、其他鉴证准则、质量控制准则、咨询服务和纳税实务准则以及职业行为守则。

　　2. 组织注册会计师考试和阅卷。

　　3. 进行后续教育。

　　4. 促进准则和规则的实施。

　　The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) is the national, professional association of CPAs in the United States, with more than 330,000 members, including CPAs in business and industry, public practice, government, and education; student affiliates; and international associates. It sets ethical standards for the profession and U.S. auditing standards for audits of private companies; federal, state and local governments; and non-profit organizations.

　　Approximately 40% of its members are engaged in the practice of public accounting, in areas such as auditing, accounting, taxation, general business consulting, business valuation, personal financial planning and business technology. The majority (60%) of its members are CPAs who work in industry, government and education. However, because of the AICPA's major role in self-regulation of most practicing CPAs, a large part of the AICPA's resources are devoted to this function and to related programs to help CPAs maintain professional competence.

　　The AICPA's overriding role is to promote and enhance the profession of accounting. To accomplish this, it has a variety of functions that include: providing group member benefits; preparing the Uniform CPA Examination; developing CPA professional standards; providing technical support to CPA members in many areas of practice; operating the profession's public relations programs; providing support to the academic community and representing the profession before Congress and federal agencies.

　　编辑推荐：【电子杂志】美国注册会计师考试