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"quantity"exercise: Common Probability Distributions

来源: 正保会计网校 2020-09-27
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Questions 1:

When flipping three coins simultaneously, the number of outcomes that contain at least two heads is most likely:

A、 eight.

B 、four.

C、 three.

Questions 2:

A company has an unsecured line of credit and needs to maintain its EBITto-interest coverage ratio greater than 2.0. Its EBIT is estimated to be between $36 million and $48 million, with all values equally likely. If the forecasted interest charge for the year is $20 million, the probability that EBIT/interest will be more than 2.0 is closest to:

A、 61.5%.

B、 33.3%.

C 、66.7%

View answer resolution
【Answer to question 1】B

【analysis】

B is correct. The number of outcomes having at least two heads is four, as indicated in the following table.

捕获1A is incorrect. The outcome of at least one head is calculated instead.

捕获C is incorrect. The outcome of (H,H,H) is not counted.

【Answer to question 2】C

【analysis】

C is correct. The EBIT-to-interest ratio is equal to 2.0 when the EBIT is $40 million. Given that the values between $36 million and $48 million are equally likely, the probability of the ratio being equal to or less than 2.0 is 33.3% (= [$40 million – $36 million]/[$48 million – $36 million]). Consequently, the probability of the ratio being greater than 2.0 is 66.7% (i.e., 1 – Probability of the ratio being equal to or less than 2.0). A is incorrect. This treats the distribution as discrete with increments in $1M.

捕获3B is incorrect. This is the probability of the ratio being equal to or less than 2.0. Common Probability Distributions

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