美国CPA模拟习题：股东权益、现金流量和比率分析（一）

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　　On January 15，Year 1，Rico Co. declared its annual cash dividend on common stock for the year ended January 31，Year 1.The dividend was paid on February 9，Year 1，to stockholders of record as of January 28，Year 1.On what date should Rico decrease retained earnings by the amount of the dividend？

　　a.January 28，Year 1

　　b.January 15，Year 1

　　c.January 31，Year 1

　　d.February 9，Year 1

　　Explanation

　　Choice “b” is correct.The date of declaration is the date the board of directors formally approves a divided.A liability is created （dividends payable），and retained earnings is reduced（debited）。

　　Choice “c” is incorrect. Retained earnings is decreased on the date of declaration，not at year end.

　　Choice “a” is incorrect.No journal entries are recorded on the date of record.

　　Choice “d” is incorrect. Retained earnings is decreased on the date of declaration.On the dividend payment date，the liability（dividends payable）is reduced （debited）and the cash payment is recorded（credit to cash）。