When markets are perfectly competitive, consumers：
a. Must choose the brands they buy solely on the basis of informational advertising.
b. Do not receive any consumer surplus unless producers choose to overproduce.
c. Have goods and services produced at the lowest cost in the long run.
d. Must search for the lowest price for the products they buy.
答案：C
Explanation
Choice “c” is correct. Since price is barely sufficient to give a firm a normal profit and stay in business, the consumer obtains the product at as low a price as is economically feasible. In addition, every firm is forced to produce at the most efficient output rate.
Choice “a” is incorrect. Brand differentiation is present in monopolistic competition, not perfect competition.
Choice “b” is incorrect. This is not an appropriate application of the “consumer surplus” concept.
Choice “d” is incorrect. Individual consumers are also price takers at the market equilibrium price.
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