2012年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类(C级)试题
第1部分：词汇选项 (第l-15题，每题l分，共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线。请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1 We had trouble finding a pure water supply．
A typical B complete C clear D clean
2 Keep your passport in a secure place．
A safe B special C good D different
3 Many forms of cancer can be cured if detected early．
A selected B operated C discovered D developed
4 0n the table was a vase filled with artificial flowers．
A wild B false C fresh D lovely
5 The story was published with the sole purpose of selling newspapers．
A only B reaI C main D practical
6 I’d Iike to withdraw ￡500 from my current account．
A leave B pay C put D draw
7 He kept in constant contact with his family while he was in Australia．
A gradual B direct C regular D occasional
8 She only needs a minute amount of money．
A small B certain C fair D full
9 “What do you mean by that?”Paul asked sharply．
A helplessly B politely C quickly D critically
10 Did she accept his research proposal?
A invitation B plan C offer D view
11 The city centre was wiped out by the bomb．
A covered B reduced C destroyed D moved
12 The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious．
A need B love C hate D pity
13 A large crowd assembled outside the American embassy．
A watched B shouted C walked D gathered
14 He inspired many young people to take up the sport．
A allowed B encouraged C called D advised
15 The storm caused severe damage．
A serious B physical C accidental D environmental
第2部分：阅读判断 (第16-22题.每题l分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息.请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.
Brotherly Love
Adidas and Puma have been two of the biggest names in sports shoe manufacturing for over half a century．
Since l928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes．World Cup-winning football heroes．Muhammad Ali.hip hop stars and rock musicians famous all over the world．But the story of these two companies begins in one house in the town of Herzogenaurach, Germany．
Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of a shoemaker．They loved sport but complained that they could never find comfortable shoes to play in．Rudolph always said, You cannot play sports wearing shoes that you’d walk around town with. So they started making their own．In l920 Adolph made the first pair of athletic shoes with spikes(钉)， produced on the Dasslers’ kitchen table．
On lst July l924 they formed a shoe company，Dassler Brothers Ltd and they worked together for many years．The company became successful and it provided the shoes for Germany’s athletes at the l928 and l932 Olympic Games．
But in l948 the brothers argued．No one knows exactly what happened，but family members have suggested that the argument was about money or women．The result was that Adolph left the company．His nickname was Adi．and using this and the first three letters of the family name, Dassler, he founded Adidas．
Rudolph relocated across the River Aurach and founded his own company too．At first he wanted to call it Ruda, but eventually he called it Puma，after the wild cat．The famous Puma logo of the jumping cat has hardly changed since．
After the big split of l948 Adolph and Rudolph never spoke to each other again and their companies have now been in competition for over sixty years．Both companies were for many years the market leaders, though Adidas has always been more successful than Puma．A hip hop group, Run DMC，has even written a song called “My Adidas” and in 2005 Adidas bought Reebok, another big sports shoe company．
The terrible family argument should really be forgotten，but ever since it happened，over sixty years ago．the town has been split into two．Even now，some Adidas employees and Puma employees don’t talk to each other．
16 Adidas and Puma started to make sports shoes at the end of the l9th century．
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
17 The brothers’ father was a ball maker．
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
18 The brothers first made sports shoes at home．
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19 The brothers provided sports shoes for the l924 Olympic Games．
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
20 The brothers decided to start up their separate companies after the argument．
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21 Nike sells more shoes than Adidas．
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22 People in the town have now forgotten the argument．
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23-30题，每题l分，共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1-4段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项.
Who Built Giza’s Pyramids(金字塔)?
1 For centuries，the pyramids of Giza have been timeless symbols of Egyptian culture．But who actually built them? For years，we did not know for sure．But archeologists(考古学家) recently discovered an ancient village near the pyramids．Close by．there was also a cemetery(墓地)where pyramid builders were buried．From studying these places，archeologists can now confirm that the pyramids were not built by slaves or foreigners．Ordinary Egyptians built them．
2 It took about eighty years to build the pyramids．According to archeologists．about 20,000-30,000 people were involved in completing the task．The workers had different roles．Some dug up the rock．some moved it，and some shaped it into blocks．People also worked on different teams. each with its own name．On a wall in Khufu’s Great Pyramid，for example，a group of workers wrote “Fnends of Khufu．”Teams often competed to do a job faster．
3 Life for these workers was hard．“We can see that in their skeletons(骨架).”says Azza Mohamed Sarry El-Din．a scientist studying bodies found in the cemetery．The bones show signs of arthritis(关节炎)，which developed from carrying heavy things for a long time．Archeologists have also found many female skeletons in the village and cemetery．The damage to their bones is similar to the men’s．Their lives may have been even tougher： male workers lived to age 40—45．but women to only 30—35．However, workers usually had enough food．and they also had medical care if they got sick or hurt．
4 The work was challenging, but laborers were proud of their work．“It's because they were not just building the tomb of their king.” says Egyptian archeologist Zahi Hawass．“They were building Egypt．It was a national project．and everyone was a participant．”
23 Paragraph l
24 Paragraph 2
25 Paragraph 3
26 Paragraph 4
A Pyramid builders’ tough lives
B An important national project
C Female pyramid builders：the challenges
D Female pyramid builders’ job
E Builders of the pyramids
F Egyptian salves
27 The pyramids of Giza were built .
28 To build the pyramids，the workers had different roles and worked .
29 Both men and women workers suffered from arthritis which developed .
30 The pyramid builders were proud .
A by foreigners
B of their work
C by ordinary Egyptians
D on different teams
E of their king
F from taking heavy things
第4部分：阅读理解 (第31-45题，每题3分，共45分)．
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题.请根据短文内容，为每题确定l个最佳选项.
第一篇 The Changing Middle Class
The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation．However，middle class is not a real designation，nor does it carry privileges(特权)．It is more of a perception，which probably was as true as it ever could be right after World War Ⅱ．The economy was growing， more and more people owned their own homes．workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them, and nearly everyone who wanted a higher education could have one．Successful people enjoyed upward social mobility．They may have started out poor, but they could become rich．Successful people also found that they had greater geographic mobility．In other words．they found themselves moving to and living in a variety of places．
The middle class collectively holds several values and principles．One strong value is the need to earn enough money to feel that one can determine one’s own economic fate．In addition，middle-class morality(道德观)embraces principles of individual responsibility， importance of family, obligations to others, and believing in something outside oneself．
But in the l990s those in the middle class found that there was a price for success．AU.S. News & World Report survey in l994 indicated that 75 percent of Americans believed that middle-class families could no longer make ends meet．Both spouses(配偶)now worked，as did some of the children，long commutes(通勤)became routine，the need for child care put strains on the family．and public schools were not as good as they once were． Members of the middle class were no longer financing their lifestyles through earnings but were using credit to stay afloat(透支)．The understanding of just what middle class meant was changing．
31 This passage gives information about .
A an individual
B a social and economic group
C a political organization
D a government department
32 In the years after World War Ⅱ, the middle class were .
A overburdened and in debt
B hard working and doubtful
C happy and full of hope
D young and upset
33 One important middle-class value is that .
A people should always have fun
B children should believe in themselves
C debt is nothing to worry about
D they should earn enough to finance their lifestyles
34 In the second paragraph, the word “collectively” means .
A commonly
B hesitatingly
C unknowingly
D weakly
35 The l994 survey showed most Americans thought the middle class .
A took pleasure in raising children
B had a regular journey to work
C could not earn enough money to maintain their lifestyles
D could easily maintain their lifestyles
第二篇 Puerto Rican Cuisine(菜肴)
Puerto Rico, a Caribbean (加勒比海区) island rich in history and remarkable natural beauty, has a cuisine all its own. Immigration(移民) to the island has helped to shape its cuisine, with people from all over the world making various contributions to it. However, before the arrival of these immigrants, the Taino people lived on the island of Puerto Rico. Taino cuisine included such foods as rodents (啮齿动物), fresh shellfish and fish fried in corn oil.
Many aspects of Taino cuisine continue today in Puerto Rican cooking, but it has been heavily influenced by the Spanish, who invaded Puerto Rico in 1508, and Africans, who were initially brought to Puerto Rico to work as slaves. Taino cooking styles were mixed with ideas brought by the Spanish and Africans to create new dishes. The Spanish extended food choices by bringing cattle, pigs, goats, and sheep to the island. Africans also added to the island's food culture by introducing powerful, contrasting tastes in dishes. In fact, much of the food Puerto Rico is now famous for - coffee, coconuts, and oranges - was actually imported by foreigners to the island.
A common assumption many people make about Puerto Rican food is that it is very spicy(辛辣的). It's true that chili peppers are popular; aij caballero in particular is a very hot chili pepper that Puerto Ricans enjoy. However, milder(微辣的) tastes are popular too, such as sofrito. As the base of many Puerto Rican dishes, sofrito is a sauce made from chopped onions, green bell peppers, sweet chili peppers, and a handful of other spices. It is fried in oil and then added to other dishes.
36、who lived in Puerto Rico first
A. the Taino people
B. the Africans
C. the Spanish
D. the Americans
37、In the first paragraph the word “it” refers to
A. immigration
B. Puerto Rican cuisine
C. Caribbean history
D. the island’s natural beauty
38、what is the main idea of the second paragraph?
A. Taino dishes are important in Puerto Rican cooking
B. Puerto Rican cooking has many outside influences
C. Food imported by foreigners isn’t really Puerto Rican
D. African foods have probably had the most influence
39、How is sofrito used?
A. It is eaten before meals
B. It is added to other dishes
C. It is used where foods are too spicy
D. It is eaten as a main dish
40、which of the following is NOT true?
A. Many people think Puerto Rican food is spicy
B. Puerto Rican cuisine uses a lot of chili peppers
C. softito is a type of extremely spicy food
D. Aij caballero is a type of chile pepper
第三篇 From Ponzi to Madoff
The year was l920．The country was the United States of America．The man’s name was Charles Ponzi．Ponzi told people to stop depositing money in a savings account．Instead．they should give it to him to save for them．Ponzi promised to pay them more than the bank．For example, a savings account might pay you $5 a year for every $100 you deposit．Ponzi，however，would pay you $40 a year for every $100 you gave him to hold. Many people thought this was a good plan．They began to give their money to Ponzi．
How could Ponzi make so much money for people? This is what he did with the money people gave him：He used some of that money to pay other people who gave him money．However, he also kept a lot of the money for himself．Soon he had $250 million．This was a kind of theft, and it was against the law．The people who gave him their money didn’t think anything was wrong．Ponzi paid them every month．just like a bank．Ponzi continued this way of working for two years．Then one day, he didn’t have enough money to pay all the people．They discovered his crime．and he went to prison for fraud．
Ninety years later, people began to hear about a businessman in New York named Bernard Mad off．People said he gave good advice about money．They said when they gave him their money．he paid them a lot more than the bank．Mad off helped hospitals, schools， and individuals earn money．Over a period of 40 years．people gave him $170 billion．However, no one investigated what he did with the money．The people who gave Madoff their money also didn’t think anything was wrong because he paid them every month．
One day, Madoff didn’t have enough money to pay all the people he needed to pay．That’s when people discovered how Madoff worked：He was taking money from some people to pay other people，just the way Chades Ponzi did．However，this time，instead of losing millions of dollars．people lost billions．
Madoff was accused of fraud, and United States government officials arrested him．He didn’t have to go on trial because he said he was guilty．In 2009,a judge sentenced him to 150 years in prison．Bernard Madoff’s crime was even bigger than Ponzi’s．It was the biggest fraud in history．The lesson of this story is clear：When something seems too good to be true，it probably is!
41 For every $100,Ponzi promised to pay people .
A $5 a year B $20 a year C $40 a year D $100 a year
42 What did Ponzi do with the money people gave him?
A He spent it all on things for himself．
B He deposited it all in a bank．
C He kept it all to save for a good plan．
D He used some of it to pay other people．
43 What was Ponzi’s crime?
A He kept a lot of other people’s money for himself．
B He robbed the banks of millions of dollars．
C He gave people more than the bank did．
D He did not pay people their interests．
44 How long did Madoff’s tricks last?
A Four year．
B Nine years．
C Forty years．
D Ninety years．
45 Why didn’t Madoff have to go on trial?
A The officials couldn’t find any evidence against him．
B He admitted he was guilty．
C He had friends in the govemment who helped him．
D He returned all the illegal money．
第5部分：补全短文 (第46-50题，每题2分，共l0分)
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌.
Forests for Cities
You are standing in a beautiful forest in Japan．The air is clean and smells like plants and flowers．There are l75 different kinds of trees，and 60 kinds of birds live here．(46)You are downtown in the city of Nara，Japan，in Kasugayama Forest，the oldest urban forest in the world．It was started more than a thousand years ago，and today it's very popular with tourists and artists．
Cities around the world are working to protect their urban forests．Some urban forests are parks，and some are just streets with a lot of trees．But all urban forests have many good effects on the environment． (47)They also stop the noise from heavy traffic．They even make the weather better because they make the air 3-5 degrees cooler，and they stop strong winds．
Urban forests also have many good effects on people．They make the city more beautiful．In a crowded area，they give people a place to relax and spend time in nature． (48)
In some countries，people are starting new urban forests．In England，there are now 1.3 million trees in an urban forest called Thames Chase，east of London．It was started in 1990，and it has grown very fast. Walking and bicycle clubs use the forest，and there are programs for children and artists． (49)
Some older cities don't have space for a big urban forest，but planting trees on the streets makes the city better. Scientists found that commuters(通勤人员)feel more relaxed when they can see trees．Trees are even good for business．
(50)In the future, urban forests will become even more important as our cities grow bigger．In the megacities(超大城市)of tomorrow，people will need more green space to live a comfortable life．Planting trees today will make our lives better in the future．
A Trees take pollution out of the air．
B In 2033．it will have 5 million trees．
C But you are not in a rural area．
D It has many kinds of birds in the country．
E In hot countries，urban forests are cool places for walking and other healthy exercises.
F People spend more time at shopping centers that have trees．
第6部分：完形填空 (第51～65题，每题l分，共15分)
下面的短文有l5处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定l个最佳选项。
Traffic in Our Cities
The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand．This causes many problems，including serious air pollution， (51)accidents．Clearly，something must be done，but it is often difficult to (52)their habits and leave their cars at home.
One possible (53)is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by (54)charges for parking and bringing in tougher fines for anyone who (55)the law. In addition, drivers could be (56)to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system， (57)as “road pricing”, is already being introduced in a (58) of cities，using a special electronic card (59)to the windscreen of the car.
Another way of (60)with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the (61)of the city，and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre．Drivers and their passengers then use a special bus (62) for the final stage of their journey．
Of course, the most important (63) is to provide good public transport. However，to get people to give (64)the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable，convenient and comfortable，with fares (65)at an acceptable level．
51 A of B for C about D by
52 A acquire B form C support D change
53 A approach B manner C custom D style
54 A enlarging B increasing C growing D developing
55 A destroys B refuses C breaks D rejects
56 A required B allowed C advised D controlled
57 A designed B seen C called D known
58 A quantity B number C total D sum
59 A fixed B joined C built D placed
60 A doing B handling C dealing D solving
61 A outskirts B border C outside D limit
62 A station B route C service D fare
63 A thought B thing C case D event
64 A in B off C up D out
65 A taken B blocked C given D kept
