理工类教材变化内容：（9篇）

　　阅读理解：

　　第二篇（C级）：World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict

　　第六篇（C级）：Weaving with Light

　　第三十四篇（B级）：Batteries Built by Viruses

　　第三十八篇（B级）：Longer Lives for Wild Elephants

　　第四十五篇（A级）：Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others

　　第四十六篇（A级）：Marvelous Metamaterials

　　完型填空：

　　第三篇（C级）：What Is Coolest Gas in the Universr？

　　第十二篇（B级）：Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in Teens

　　第十五篇（A级）：Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores

　　（A级）：

　　阅读：第四十五篇Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others （新增）（无换题现象）

　　完形：Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores（新增）

　　Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are more likely to go on to university， reveals a major new study __1__ at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital.

　　The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences （PNAS）。 The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976. The research group analyses the results of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters _2___ right after they started serving the army.

　　The study shows a clear link between good physical __3__ and better results for the IQ test. The strongest links are for _4__ thinking and verbal comprehension. But it is only fitness that _5___ a role in the results for the IQ test， and not strength. “Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung _6__ and that your brain gets plenty of _7__，” says Michael Nilsson， professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. “This may be one of the reasons _8__ we can see a clear link with fitness， but not with muscular _9__. We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important.”

　　By analyzing data for twins， the researchers have been able to _10___ that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a _11__ IQ.

　　“We have also shown that those youngsters who _12__ their physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance，” says Maria Aberg， researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre. “This being the case， physical education is a subject that has an important place in schools， and is an absolute must if we want to _13___ maths and other theoretical subjects.”

　　The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests _14__ national service with the socio-economic status of the men later in life. Those who were fit at 18 were more _15___ to go into higher education， and many secured more qualified jobs.

　　1. A carried B was carried C carried out D carrying out（换题）

　　2. A made B make C taking D took（换题）

　　3. A fit B fitness C health D excises（换题）

　　4. A logical B critical C typical D positive

　　5. A holds B makes C plays D play（换题）

　　6. A capacity B disease C shape D treatment

　　7. A change B hydrogen C oxygen D memory

　　8. A what B why C how D where

　　9. A exercise B training C strength D movement

　　10. A determine B tell C determining D improve（换题）

　　11. A moderate B average C lower D higher

　　12. A ignore B improve C like D determine

　　13. A be good in B study well C do good in D do well in（换题）

　　14. A before B after C without D during

　　15. A carefully B likely C secretly D happily（换题）

　　（B）

　　阅读：Longer Lives for Wild Elephants （新增）

　　31、 题干：大致一致

　　答案：（反向描述）

　　32、相同

　　33、 题干：大致一致

　　答案：大致一致（简化）

　　34、 题干：（相反提问）简化

　　答案：简化

　　35、 题干：（相反提问）简化

　　答案：简化

　　完形：Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in teens（新增）

　　While some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to “self-medicate” against the blues， scientists at the University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually __1_ depressive symptoms in some teens.

　　“This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived _2__ benefits of smoking among teens，” says lead researcher Michael Chaiton， a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto. “_3__ cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating effects or to _4___ mood， in the long term we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms.”

　　As part of the study， some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires about their use of cigarettes to _5___ mood. Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants， urban and rural schools， and schools _6__ in high， moderate and low socioeconomic neighborhoods.

　　Participants were _7___ three groups： never smokers； smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate， improve mood or physical _8__； smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate. Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how often participants felt too tired to do things； had _9__ going to sleep or staying asleep； felt unhappy， sad， or depressed； felt _10___ about the future； felt vexed， antsy or tense； and worried too much about things.

　　“Smokers who _11___ cigarettes as mood improvers had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms than teens who had never smoked，” says co-researcher Jennifer O’Loughlin， a professor at the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine. “Our study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are at higher risk of _12__ depressive symptoms.”

　　The _13__ between depression and smoking exits principally among teens that use cigarettes to _14___. “It’s _15__ to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke，” says Dr. Chaiton.

　　1. A examine B increase C decrease D diagnose

　　2. A social B financial C emotional D political

　　3. A Whatever B Although C Whenever D S\What

　　4. A improve B increase C decrease D help（换题）

　　5. A affecting B cause C effect D affect

　　6. A exposed B expanded C located D detected

　　7. A divided into B dividing into C divided D divided to（换题）

　　8. A world B activity C state D beauty

　　9. A time B courage C energy D trouble

　　10. A hopeless B hope C hopeful D hopes（换题）

　　11. A use B used C took D take（换题）

　　12. A changing B identifying C developing D overcoming

　　13. A difference B association C cooperation D agreement

　　14. A feel stronger B feel healthier C feel well D feel better（换题）

　　15. A illogical B unscientific C meaningless D important

　　（C）

　　第一篇 Weaving with Light（新增）

　　31、 题干：The Huichol don’t use electricity because

　　32、 题干：To make a living， the Huichol create artwork and

　　答案：sell it in cities far away from their villages.（与教材原文练习题第一题，题干一致，备选项一致）

　　33、 题干：The central part of the Portable Lights technology is

　　答案：HB LEDs. （与教材原文练习题第四题，题干修改，备选项一致，位置未变=）

　　干：What is the most important part of the Portable Light technology？

　　34、 题干：All of the following are disadvantage of incandescent lights EXPECT

　　35、 题干：LEDs are different from light bulbs is that

　　答案：LEDs can send out light of different colors. （与教材原文练习题第五题，题干一致，备选项修改）

　　原选项：

　　A.LEDs are incandescent lights while light bulbs are not.

　　B.LEDs have a metal coil while light bulbs have not.

　　C.LEDs emit colored light while most light bulbs don’t.

　　D.LEDs are made up of tiny pieces of rock while light bulbs are not.

　　What is the coolest gas in the universe？ （新增）

　　What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth？ Where was this low temperature recorded？ The coldest recorded temperature on Earth was -91℃，which occurred（51）in Antarctica in 1983.

　　We encounter an interesting situation when we discuss temperatures in space（52）。Temperatures in Earth orbit actually range from about +120℃to -120℃。The temperature depends upon whether （53）you are in direct sunlight or shade.Obviously， -120℃is colder than our body can safely （54）endure.Thank NASA science for well-designed space suitsthat protect astronauts from these temperature extremes.

　　（中间）

　　In the 1920s，Satyendra Nath Bose was studying an interestingtheory（60）about special light particles we now call photons.Bose had trouble convincing（61）other scientists to believe his theory，sohe contacted Albeg Einstein.Einstein’s calculations helped him theorize that atoms would（62）behave as Bose thought——but only at very cold temperatures.

　　Scientists have also discovered that ultra-coldatoms can help them make the world’s atomic clocks even more（63）accurate.These clocks are so accurate today they would only lose one second every（64）six million years！Such accuracy will help ustravel in space because distance is velocity times time（d=v×t）。With the long distances involved in space travel（65），we need to know time as accurately as possible to get accurate distance.

　　51.A. opened B. occurred C. opposed D. operated

　　52.A. Earth B. space C. planet D. star

　　53.A. whether B. where C. what D. when

　　54.A. safely B. sadly C. repeatedly D. Freely（换题）

　　55.A. year B. energy C. system D. rays

　　56.A. by B. away C. along D. With（换题）

　　57. A. education B status C knowledge D location

　　58.A. reasonable B. interesting C. impossible D. necessary

　　59.A. burnt B. blown C. cut D. cooled（换题）

　　60.A. invention B. theory C. paper D. experiment

　　61.A. convincing B. begging C. ordering D. forcing

　　62.A.would B.will C. must D. need（选项换位）

　　63.A. that B. such C. much D. more（换题）

　　64.A. any B. each C. every D. some

　　65.A. travel B. craft C. age D. station